Split leaf philodendrons are popular houseplants known for their large, heart-shaped leaves with characteristic splits. These attractive plants have a tropical origin, which gives them a unique look that adds a touch of nature-inspired charm to any indoor space. As part of their natural growth, some may wonder whether these plants can climb or require support.
In their native tropical environments, split leaf philodendrons are known to climb and grow along the trunks of trees, using their aerial roots for support. When cared for indoors, these plants have a similar tendency to exhibit climbing behavior, given the right conditions and support structure. To encourage this growth, it is essential to understand the plant’s requirements and provide the right environment, such as proper temperature, sufficient space for root growth, and adequate soil moisture.
To cultivate a climbing split leaf philodendron indoors, plant enthusiasts must be vigilant about monitoring their plant’s needs, closely observing its progress and adapting their care approach accordingly. By doing so, it’s possible to create a stunning focal point within your home while engaging with the fascinating natural growth pattern of this tropical plant.
Split Leaf Philodendron Overview
Origins and Habitat
Split Leaf Philodendron (Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum) is an evergreen shrub belonging to the Araceae family. It is native to South America, thriving in tropical conditions within its natural habitat. These plants are well-adapted to both indoor and outdoor environments, given appropriate conditions are met. In fact, many enthusiasts choose to grow Split Leaf Philodendrons as houseplants due to their adaptability and attractive appearance 1.
Appearance
The most striking feature of Split Leaf Philodendron plants are their large, glossy leaves. The green leaves exhibit distinctive lobes and splits along their edges, which contributes to their appealing appearance 2. The plant is often confused with another popular houseplant, the Monstera deliciosa, or Swiss Cheese Plant, which features similar split patterns in their leaves. However, these two plants do belong to different species 3.
Contrary to other philodendron varieties, the Split Leaf Philodendron is not a vining or climbing plant. Instead, it grows with an upright habit on solid stems that reach upwards from a centralized root system 4. As the plant matures, its leaves become increasingly larger and heavier, sometimes necessitating additional structural support to prevent the stems from snapping under the weight.
Growth Habit and Size
Split Leaf Philodendrons can grow rather large, reaching up to 10 feet in height and width when grown outdoors in warm regions. They possess a semi-upright growth habit, which allows them to maintain a vertical presence despite their substantial dimensions. Indoors, these plants can be managed at a smaller size, making them suitable for various spaces within your home 5.
Although they don’t inherently climb, Split Leaf Philodendrons are capable of producing adventitious roots that can help them attach to nearby structures for support. When given ample room to grow, these versatile plants can make an impressive addition to any indoor or outdoor landscape.
Footnotes
- https://www.allaboutgardening.com/split-leaf-philodendron/ ↩
- https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/thaumatophyllum-bipinnatifidum/common-name/split-leaf-philodendron/ ↩
- https://www.masterclass.com/articles/split-leaf-philodendron-care-guide ↩
- https://houseplantauthority.com/split-leaf-philodendron/ ↩
- https://www.bhg.com/gardening/plant-dictionary/houseplant/philodendron/ ↩
Climbing Abilities
Climbing Mechanism
Split-leaf philodendrons are native to the rainforests of Central America, where they exhibit climbing behaviors to reach sunlight in their natural habitat. These plants utilize aerial roots, which emerge from the nodes along the stem, to anchor themselves to surfaces and climb upwards. The aerial roots provide support and stability, allowing the split-leaf philodendron to ascend various surfaces, such as tree trunks or vertical poles.
Height and Growth Speed
In their native environment, split-leaf philodendrons can grow up to 70 feet as they climb into the rainforest canopy. However, when kept as indoor houseplants, their growth is typically more moderate. Expect them to reach a height of about 1 to 2 feet per year, eventually growing to 10 to 15 feet high and 8 feet across under ideal indoor conditions.
To help facilitate growth, it’s essential to provide the split-leaf philodendron with proper care, such as adequate watering and nutritional support. Monitoring soil moisture is crucial to maintaining a healthy plant. Signs of underwatering include wilting and browning at the leaf tips, which can be avoided with regular watering as needed.
Training Your Split-Leaf Philodendron to Climb
To encourage your philodendron to climb, install a climbing structure such as a moss pole or trellis. Gently attach the plant’s stems to the structure using plant ties or soft twine, allowing the aerial roots to find a surface to cling to. As the plant grows, continue to guide and secure the stems along the structure.
Some split-leaf philodendrons, like the Heartleaf Philodendron, are especially well-suited for climbing due to their durability and ability to tolerate low light conditions indoors. Popular for their heart-shaped leaves, these plants can be easily trained to climb or trail down hanging baskets, making them versatile additions to any space.
Growing Split Leaf Philodendron
Indoor vs Outdoor
Split leaf philodendrons, also known as Monstera Deliciosas, can thrive both indoors and outdoors. When grown outdoors, they can attach themselves to nearby trees and structures with their aerial roots, giving them a natural climbing appearance. Indoors, however, they require some support to showcase their climbing attributes. To achieve this, you can use a stake or trellis to gently guide the growth of the plant’s stem, securing it with plant ties as it climbs The Spruce.
Soil and Watering Requirements
The ideal soil for split leaf philodendron varies slightly based on whether it is grown indoors or outdoors. For outdoor plants, a nutrient-rich soil that drains well will promote healthy growth All About Gardening. Indoor plants require a lighter, well-draining soil that retains moisture without causing root rot. A mixture of one part perlite and two parts potting soil is recommended for indoor split leaf philodendrons Philodendron Plant.
Watering requirements differ depending on the environment. Outdoor plants can be watered less frequently than indoor plants as long as natural rainfall provides enough moisture. Indoors, make sure the soil is evenly moist but not soggy. Gradually reduce the frequency of watering during the winter months.
Light and Temperature Conditions
Split leaf philodendrons do well in bright, indirect sunlight. They can tolerate some direct sunlight, but excessive direct light can damage the leaves. Make sure the plant receives at least six hours of indirect sunlight daily MasterClass.
Temperature is crucial for philodendrons, as they are tropical plants. They thrive in temperatures between 65-80°F (18-27°C) and can tolerate temperatures as low as 50°F (10°C) for short periods. Sudden fluctuations in temperature should be avoided, and make sure they are kept away from cold drafts and direct heat sources.
Common Problems and Solutions
Pests and Diseases
Split leaf philodendrons might encounter some common pests that can cause harm to the plant, such as mealybugs, aphids, thrips, scale insects, and spider mites. To tackle these pests, regularly wipe the leaves with a damp sponge or paper towel to keep them clean and decrease the chances of infestations source. In the case of severe infestations, it might be necessary to use insecticidal soaps or more specific treatments depending on the pest.
Leaf Yellowing
The yellowing of split leaf philodendron leaves might be due to overwatering or lack of nutrition. If the issue comes from overwatering, try giving the plant less water and allowing the soil to dry out slightly between watering sessions. Ensure that the drainage in the pot is adequate to prevent root rot, another possible cause of leaf yellowing. Should the yellowing be due to a lack of nutrition, add appropriate fertilizers based on the specific needs of the plant. One way of supplying extra nutrients to split leaf philodendrons is by using a balanced liquid fertilizer.
Wilting
Underwatering can cause split leaf philodendrons to wilt, as their leaves don’t hold much water source. To avoid wilting, monitor the soil moisture and water the plant when the top few inches of soil are dry. Adding humidity to the environment, such as placing a tray with water near the plant or using a humidifier, can also help. Misting the foliage occasionally will provide extra moisture and help maintain a healthy, vibrant appearance.
Propagation Methods
Split-leaf philodendrons, also known as Monstera deliciosa, are popular houseplants due to their unique, large, glossy leaves with splits or holes in them. These tropical plants can climb and thrive well indoors with proper care. In this section, we will discuss various methods for propagating split-leaf philodendrons.
Stem Cuttings
One of the easiest ways to propagate a split-leaf philodendron is through stem cuttings. To do this, you will need:
- Sharp scissors or pruning shears
- Paper towels or an old newspaper
- Rooting hormone powder (optional)
- A small plant pot with potting mix
First, locate a healthy stem with at least one node, and use the shears to make a cut just below the node at a 45-degree angle. You can dip the cut end in rooting hormone powder to encourage faster root development, but it’s not necessary. Place the cutting in the prepared pot, and keep the soil moist until new growth appears.
Air Layering
Another interesting method for propagating split-leaf philodendrons is air layering. This technique can be more successful than stem cuttings, especially for larger plants. You will need:
- A sharp, sterilized knife
- Moist sphagnum moss
- Plastic wrap or a clear plastic bag
- Twist ties or string
To air layer, find a healthy stem with a node, and carefully make an upward cut about one-third of the way through the stem, just below the node. Gently wedge moist sphagnum moss into the cut, then wrap the area with plastic wrap or a plastic bag to keep the moss in place and moist. Secure the wrap with twist ties or string, and wait for roots to develop. Once roots are visible, cut the stem below the new roots and plant in the potting mix.
By following these propagation methods, you can successfully propagate your split-leaf philodendron to create new plants and enjoy their beautiful foliage in multiple locations throughout your home or office.
Conclusion
Split leaf philodendrons, also known as Monstera deliciosa, are climbing evergreen plants native to Central American rainforests. These plants can grow indoors or outdoors depending on the region, showcasing their adaptability and versatility.
The growth rate of split leaf philodendrons is moderate when cultivated indoors, with an increase in height of 1 to 2 feet per year. They require bright light during the summer and can tolerate direct sunlight in winter. Adequate lighting helps develop the plant’s distinctive leaf perforations. In addition, they can be grown under fluorescent light, although leaf perforations may not develop under such conditions.
Split leaf philodendrons can be susceptible to common houseplant issues, including diseases and pests. Proper watering and maintenance can help prevent these problems. Some pests to watch out for include mealybugs, scale, whiteflies, and aphids.
In summary, split leaf philodendrons are climbing plants with significant adaptability and versatility, allowing them to thrive under various conditions. As long as they receive proper care and attention, they can make an interesting addition to any indoor or outdoor plant collection.
Helpful Video
My name is Daniel Elrod, and I have been houseplant love ever since I was 17. I love how much joy they bring to any room in the home. I’ve always been amazed at how a few pots of flowing leaves can turn a drab and sterile office into an inviting place where people love to work at.
